Tungsten ine nzvimbo yepamusoro yekunyungudika yesimbi dzese pamwe neinoshamisira yakakwira modulus yekunyungudika. Nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika yekupisa zvivakwa, tungsten inogona kumira nyore kunyangwe tembiricha yepamusoro. Tungsten zvakare inomira pachena nekuda kwekuremerwa kwayo uye nekudaro inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemaindasitiri ekushandisa senge mumaindasitiri endege uye aerospace, chikamu cheinjiniya yemagetsi, uye mune zvemagetsi.
Tungsten's primary application kweanopfuura makore zana yanga iri filament mune incandescent light bulbs. Yakaputirwa nekashoma ke potassium-aluminium silicate, tungsten poda inosiiwa patembiricha yepamusoro kuti ibudise waya iri pakati pemagirobhu emwenje anovhenekera mamiriyoni edzimba pasi rose.
Nekuda kwekugona kwe tungsten kuchengetedza chimiro chayo pakupisa kwakanyanya, tungsten filaments ikozvino inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa dzemumba, kusanganisira marambi, marambi emvura, kupisa zvinhu muvira remagetsi, microwaves, uye x-ray machubhu.
Kushivirira kwesimbi kune kupisa kwakanyanya kunoitawo kuti ive yakakodzera kune thermocouples uye magetsi mabatiro mumagetsi arc furnaces uye welding michina. Zvishandiso zvinoda huremu hwakanyungudika, kana huremu, hwakadai seanopikisa, sinkers dzekuredza, uye madhati anowanzo shandisa tungsten nekuda kwekuwanda kwayo.
Nekuchena kwe> 99.98%, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu semiconductor ion implantation components, heat elements, sputtering targets, electrodes, high-temperature structural parts, crystal crucibles, counterweights, radiation shielding, power device heat dissipation uye dzimwe nguva.
Isu tinogadzira zvigadzirwa zvedu zve tungsten kubva paupfu hwesimbi kusvika kune chakapedzwa chigadzirwa. Isu tinongoshandisa iyo yakachena tungsten oxide seyakabva zvinhu. Isu tinopa yakakwira kuchena tungsten zvigadzirwa nekuchena kusvika ku8N.
oxidized rare earth tungsten (W-REO)
Oxidized rare earth tungsten (WLa, WCe, WTh, WY uye mamwe maaloyi epasi asingawanzo) ane simba rakakwirira uye akakosha ekuburitsa kuita pane yakachena tungsten, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi: TIG welding, plasma welding, plasma welding, plasma spray coating, plasma kunyunguduka uye gasi kubuda kwechiedza sosi; inoshandiswawo muzvikamu zvepamusoro-soro zvekugadzirisa.
Lanthanate tungsten inonzi oxidized lanthanum doped tungsten alloy. Kana yakaparadzirwa lanthanum oxide yawedzerwa, lanthanated tungsten inoratidzira kukwidziridzwa kwekupisa, kudziya kwekushisa, kunyura, uye tembiricha yakakwira recrystallization. Izvi zvakatanhamara zvivakwa zvinobatsira lanthanate tungsten maelectrode kuita yakasarudzika muarc yekutanga kugona, arc erosion resistance, uye arc kugadzikana uye kudzoreka.
Isu tine kugona kugadzira W-La, W-Ce, WY, W-Th uye mamwe oxidized isingawanzo pasi tungsten. Iwo anonyanya kushandiswa se electrode uye cathodes mune akawanda maapplication. Maokisi akawedzerwa kune tungsten akawedzera tembiricha yerecrystallization uye, panguva imwecheteyo, akasimudzira danho rekubuda nekudzikisa basa remaelectronic retungsten electrode.
Potassium-doped Tungsten (Tungsten-potassium kana WK)
Potassium (K) -doped W ine nano-bubbles pamusoro pekurongeka kweppm inogona kukanganisa kufamba kwemiganhu yezviyo uye kuparadzaniswa, inotungamirira pakusimbisa pakupisa kwepamusoro uye kudzvinyirirwa kwerecrystallization uye inogona kubudisa zviyo zvakanakisisa zvichienzaniswa neW. kunatsa kunotungamirirawo pakusimbaradza nekuomesa. Uyezve, zvinotarisirwa kuti neutron-irradiation-induced embrittlement inogona kudzvinyirirwa muK-doped W inofananidzwa neW yakachena nokuti ine nhamba yakawanda yemiganhu yezviyo iyo inoshanda semanyuko ehurema hunoumbwa neutron irradiation.
Tungsten (W) inoonekwa seimwe yevanonyanya kuvimbisa pakati peplasma-yakatarisana nezvinhu (PFMs) nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika zvimiro, senge yakaderera hydrogen isotope retention, yakaderera sputtering goho uye yakakwira kunyungudika. Nekudaro, zvipingamupinyi, senge yakakwira ductile-to-brittle transition tembiricha (DBTT), brittleness pakadzika tembiricha uye brittleness nekuda kweiyo neutron irradiation zvipingamupinyi kune engineering maapplication e tungsten. Magadzirirwo eW-based alloys ane ductile dopants inzira inoshanda yekudzikamisa izvi zvisingabatsiri. Potassium doping yakatoratidza kushanda kwayo mukudzvanya kudzoreredzwa kwechipiri uye kudzora kukura kwezviyo kusvika 1900 ° C mu tungsten waya dzakatetepa, uye nekudaro inoratidza zvinoshamisa zvimiro pakudziya kwakakwira. Potassium-doped (K-doped) tungsten yakawanda zvinhu inova mumiriri anoyevedza weiyo plasma-yakatarisana zvinhu zvakare. Zvinonzi K-doped tungsten yakagadzirwa ne sparking plasma sintering (SPS) inoratidza yakanaka yekupisa conductivity, pamwe nemasimba emagetsi emagetsi patembiricha kubva kuRT kusvika 50 ° C.
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