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Various Heatspreaders for IGBT Modules

Tungsten-Copper Welded/Back-cast Materials

Tungsten has the advantages of high melting point and high strength, while copper has the advantages of high thermal conductivity and excellent solderability. Therefore, their combination with the advantages of both are widely used in occasions with extremely high requirements for high temperature strength and thermal conductivity. They can be used in the first wall and divertor components of thermonuclear fusion reactors, Medium and high voltage contacts, high-power resistance welding and arc welding components, etc. We have rich experience and technologies in the manufacturing of these high-performance materials.

Back-cast materials simultaneously combine the material properties of two different material components. During this process, the materials themselves are retained in their original state and are bound only at a thin junction. The metals are fused in a mold to form a bond of only a few micrometers in size. Unlike welding and soldering techniques, this method guarantees a 100% connection and ensures optimal thermal conduction.

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Tungsten-based composites are strong refractory metal materials manufactured by a strictly controlled process involving pressing, sintering, and infiltrating with copper or silver. They are highly resistant to heat, electric arc, wear and deformation at high-temperature welding, flash butt and spot welding. They also have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. The properties of Tungsten composites are related to the copper/silver-to-Tungsten ratio. If the Tungsten content improves, the electric arc and wear resistance will increase while the thermal and electrical conductivity, on the contrary, reduce.

Due to their unique properties, Tungsten based composites are widely used where the combination of good electrical and/or thermal conductivity and low thermal deformation is necessary, for example:

In electric resistance welding as electrical contacts or heat sinks.

In electrodes for electrical discharge machining (EDM) and electrochemical machining (ECM).

Tungsten-copper composites can be used in the first wall of thermonuclear fusion reactors and bias filter components, high-power resistance welding and arc welding components.

Tungsten-copper composites are investigated as high-performance materials for heat sinks in plasma-facing components. The exhaust of power and particles is currently considered as one of the ultimate challenges for a future demonstration fusion reactor. Predominantly challenging is the design and manufacturing of the plasma-facing components (PFCs) of the divertor. During operation, they have to sustain intense particle, heat and neutron fluxes. Current state-of-the-art designs for water-cooled divertor target plates make use of tungsten as a plasma-facing material, while copper alloys are regarded as most appropriate materials for the heat sink.